The Coast Guard has embarked on an initiative to improve communication between its land bases and vessels at sea.
The service in December awarded a contract to Northrop Grumman Space & Mission Systems Corp. to build the Nationwide Automatic Identification System. The NAIS will expand the Automatic Identification System — a ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore transponder used to locate and identify boats. AIS allows vessels to continuously exchange electronic data on their position, course, cargo and speed. Under international maritime law, ships weighing 300 gross tons or more must be fitted with the technology. Before AIS, vessels simply made due with radio communication.
Now, the Coast Guard is building a nationwide infrastructure that will use AIS to link the service’s land bases with ships, aircraft and all major U.S. ports, waterways and coastal zones.
The program will provide a mechanism for bases to collect information from vessels. In turn, data such as emergency warnings will be passed back to ships. Previously, shore facilities could only receive data from AIS. The new system will not require boat owners to purchase new equipment.
The system will allow the Coast Guard to share AIS data with other government agencies and possibly friendly nations.
“[We] are leveraging the fact that these vessels already have to have this equipment,” said Cmdr. Keith Ingalsbe, nationwide AIS project manager.
The project will start in three Coast Guard sectors — Delaware Bay, near Philadelphia; Hampton Roads, Va.; and Mobile, Ala. If all goes well, the service plans to extend NAIS to all 35 Coast Guard sectors within two years. There are also plans to require smaller boats to carry the transponders.
The Coast Guard awarded the contract to Northrop Grumman in an open competition. It provides for a two-year base period and six, one-year options.
In the future, the Coast Guard plans to beef up NAIS to enable bases to receive messages from up to 2,000 nautical miles away. To do that, the Coast Guard may employ satellites and buoys, Ingalsbe said.